Despite significant improvement and the stabilization of the clinical signs, the dog acutely deteriorated seven months after and the MRI was repeated. The dog was treated with an immunosuppressive tapering plan of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine. An MRI showed a diffuse intramedullary lesion extending from the C3 to T3 spinal cord segments and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed marked lymphocytic pleocytosis thus, Meningomyelitis of Unknown Origin (MUO) was presumptively diagnosed. The dog initially presented with a two week history of ambulatory tetraparesis. The aim of the present case report is to describe the clinical presentation and atypical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a nine year old cross-breed with histologically confirmed multiple MPNSTs. MPNSTs are usually associated with the spinal peripheral nerves, less common cranial nerves are histologically anaplastic and highly aggressive with local connective tissue and muscle invasion and most require immunocytochemical and ultrastructural verification. Vet Pathol 48 (1), 73-84 PubMed.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive and locally invasive neoplasia with the ability to metastasize. Dennis M M, McSporran K D, Bacon N J et al (2011) Prognostic factors for cutaneous and subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas in dogs.Demetriou J L, Brearley M J, Constantino-Casas F et al (2012) Intentional marginal excision of canine limb sarcomas followed by radiotherapy.Bray J P (2016) Soft tissue sarcoma in the dog - part 1: a current review.Bray J P (2017) Soft tissue sarcoma in the dog - part 2: surgical margins, controversies and a comparative review.Linden D, Liptak J M, Vinayak A et al (2019) Outcomes and prognostic variables associated with primary abdominal visceral soft tissue sarcomas in dogs: A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology retrospective study.Giancarlo A, Roberta R, Chambers J K, Miller A D et al (2021) Review of Histological Grading Systems in Veterinary Medicine.Recent references from PubMed and VetMedResource.Hemangiosarcoma - vascular endothelium Hemangiosarcoma.įurther Reading Publications Refereed papers.Histiocytic sarcoma - dendritic cell origin Malignant histocytosis.Synovial (cell) sarcoma Synovial cell sarcoma.The following may also be described as soft tissue sarcoma, but are ‘excluded’ from the following general description / management because their biological behavior is more aggressive:.Some poorly differentiated tumors which lack cellular / stromal features to indicate tissue of origin may be referred to as ‘poorly differentiated’ or ‘anaplastic’ sarcoma.(Hemangiopericytoma Hemangiopericytoma - most now reclassified as PNST).Leiomyosarcoma - smooth muscle Leiomyoma /Leiomyosarcoma.Peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) Nerve sheath: neoplasia.Fibrosarcoma - fibrous connective tissue (when evidence of collagen formation is lacking, often referred to as ‘spindle cell sarcoma’).According to presumed tissue of origin based on histological appearance of neoplastic cells and stroma:.Rarely arise at sites of burns or implants.Occasionally associated with chronic inflammation.Prognosis: based on histological grade, mitotic index and evaluation of margins.Treatment: surgical resection +/- radiotherapy.Peripheral nerve sheath tumor Nerve sheath: neoplasia.Signs: firm, fibrous mass affecting skin/subcutis, may be adherent to underlying tissue, slow growing.STS account for 15-20% of all canine tumors: although incidence can vary according to breed - see below.The malignant counterparts are generally referred to as ‘soft tissue sarcomas’ (STS) as they mostly present, behave, and are treated, in a similar manner. These tumors by definition do not metastasize and they generally only cause clinical problems by their size or location. The benign mesenchymal tumors, eg fibroma, are quite rare, locally expansile tumors that are cured by local surgical excision.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |